Data are important to assist decision-making in relation to achieve the organization goal. However, the trustworthiness of organization data in achieving the organization goal is questioned because of the vast amount of organization data. The aim of this paper is to propose a modeling concept in an effort to develop an ontology model and metric model in the context of the organization goals conformance. In this paper, we propose these models as a tool to evaluate the organization data and it conformance in order to support managerial decision-making and thereby assist the organization to achieve its goals. We suggest that these models are important in an effort to evaluate the quality and relevant organization data. At the mean time, these models are important in measuring the extent that organization data are consistent with the organization goal. Ontology is important to improve understanding of the organization goal structure and relationship. We apply a case study to evaluate our organization goal ontology and metric model. The result shows that the organization goal relationships are connected based on ontology.
We review the literature research on organization modelling and ontology development as an effort to evaluate organization data using a metric in relation to achieve the organization goal. We suggest that this metric is very important to evaluate the organization data in relation to the organization goal. In order to achieve this purpose, we develop a concept for organizing the literature based on the organization goal model. We present a summary of the past literature on the limitation of approach and issue, and then discuss findings of this literature categorized based on organization goal models, ontology models and metric models. Previous studies explored the adoption of various approaches on organization goal modelling. However, there is little research on developing the organization goal model based on ontology, particularly in evaluating the organization data. Based on this review, we suggest a conclusion relating to the development of the organization goal ontology, including gap, setting and approach.
Actualmente la Genética ocupa un papel central en la comprensión de los procesos biológicos. De manera recurrente los conocimientos genéticos auxilian a las disciplinas biológicas en la explicación de los fenómenos que ellas estudian. Al mismo tiempo la Genética se nutre de esas ramas para explicar la acción de los genes en los diferentes niveles de organización de la materia biológica. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo defender una perspectiva más integradora en la enseñanza de la Genética al estudiar los caracteres mendelianos. Tradicionalmente, los “Principios Mendelianos de la Herencia” se imparten, en la asignatura Genética Clásica, con un enfoque absolutamente histórico. Sin embargo, hoy día, se conocen aspectos genético-moleculares de los caracteres mendelianos que, de ser incluidos en la impartición de este tema, contribuirían a una formación más integral de los especialistas. A través de ejemplos concretos se propone el modo de hacer factible el objetivo planteado. Esta ponencia fundamenta la necesidad de un enfoque sistémico que tribute, en la enseñanza de esta disciplina, a la representación más consecuente del papel de los genes en un contexto biológico estructurado en multiniveles de complejidad jerárquica. Así mismo, se enfatiza la necesidad de integrar conocimientos del nivel organismo con los de nivel celular y molecular, como herramienta imprescindible para el análisis genético moderno.
Origanum species are widely consumed herbs containing phenolic compounds. We examined the ability of the extracts (dichloromethanic, methanolic, aqueous) from Origanum dictamnus, Origanum scabrum and Origanum microphyllum of Greek origin, to modulate cell viability of MCF-7 and MDA (breast), Ishikawa (endometrial) and PC-3 (prostate) cancer cells, by use of MTT assay. Ishikawa, MDA and PC-3 cells showed no response to all Origanum extracts tested. The viability of MCF-7 cells showed a small but significant increase to methanolic extracts. Furthermore, we evaluated the potential of methanolic extracts (0.1-100μg/mL) to influence the activity of estrogen receptor (ER) in MCF-7 cells transfected with an estrogen response element (ERE)-driven luciferase (Luc) reporter gene. O. dictamnus and O. scabrum extracts (2-100μg/ml), in absence and in presence of 17β-estradiol (E2), reduced significantly the luciferase activity. O. microphyllum methanolic extract, when alone, increased the basal luciferase activity, whereas its coexistence with estradiol inhibited significantly the E2-stimulated gene induction. Concluding, the methanolic extracts of the three Origanum species modulate the cellular growth and estrogenic/antiestrogenic potency in MCF-7 cells.