The study of some bio-ecological parameters of Virachola livia (Klug) and the evaluation of her damages on pomegranate (Punica granatum) were the aim of this work in the area of Djanet (South-eastern of Algeria). The rate of infestation is 78.7% according the penetration holes, however depending on the number of eggs, it was 69.3 %. The number of penetration holes and eggs by fruit vary between 1 to 24 (7.8 ± 5.7) holes/fruit and 1 to 15 (4.2 ± 3) eggs/fruit respectively. The pupal stage lasts from 5 to 8 days (6.9 ± 1.2 days). The females can live between 8 and 16 days (10.9 ± 2.5 days), whereas the longevity of males varies between 4 and 11 days (8.8 ± 2.9 days). Virgin females can lay 95 eggs/female (38.4 ± 25.2).

Aim: it was aimed to evaluate the results of routine histopathological examination after cholecystectomy and to investigate the necessity of routine histopathologic examination after cholecystectomy.\nMaterial and Methods: The study was designed retrospectively. 1366 patients who underwent laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy at our center with pre-diagnosis of benign gallbladder disease between November 2011 and May 2017were included in the study. Patients\

An artificial neural network (ANN) based modeling has been proposed for the estimating the static response of concrete beams retrofitted with hybrid FRP sheets using artificial neural network technique. Ten beams were cast in two series and tested under four-point bending. Two beams were left unstrengthened to serve as control specimens and eight beams were strengthened with hybrid FRP sheets with different thicknesses. The percentage of steel reinforcement, spacing of stirrups and mechanical properties of FRP sheets were considered as input parameters. The study parameters such as strength, deformation, ductility and crack pattern were considered as target parameters. The results predicted through ANN modeling exhibited better correlation with experimental results.

Millet blast disease caused by Magaporthe grisea causes crop damage up to 60% every year. Recent reports stated that this pathogen is capable of producing mycotoxins which may enter in to our food chain. Silver ionic or nanoparticle forms has a high antimicrobial activity and is therefore widely used for various sterilization purposes including materials of medical devices and water sanitization. There have been relatively few studies on the applicability of silver to control plant diseases. Various forms of silver ions and nanoparticles were tested in the current study to examine the antifungal activity on two plant-pathogenic fungi of Magnaporthe grisea. In vitro petri dish assays indicated that silver ions and nanoparticles had a significant effect on the colony formation of these two pathogens. Effective concentrations of the silver compounds inhibiting colony formation by 50% (EC50) were higher than for M. grisea. The inhibitory effect on colony formation significantly diminished after silver cations were neutralized with chloride ions. The present scenario on these pathogen control strategy mainly focus on using silver nano particle to control these disease. Our findings on nano particle synthesis using silver nitrate gained particle of size of silver. FTIR and UV analysis confirmed the presence silver particle. Dual plate assay showed inhibition of 3cm in petri dish. Nanotechnology will also protect the environment indirectly through the use of alternative (renewable) energy supplies and filters or catalysts to reduce pollution and clean-up existing pollutants.

Abstract. This study examined the diversity of ant assemblages in two different agroecosystems (organic and intensive farming) with maize as main crops on the northern slope of Mount Slamet, Indonesia from April to August 2015. The response of ant diversity to the different farming systems was evaluated. In total, 359 ants from 17 species in five subfamilies were collected: 13 species from the organic farm and 10 species from the conventional farm. Seven (41%) species were found only on the organic farm, four (23%) species were found only on the conventional farm, and six (35%) species were found on both. The Morisita–Horn similarity index (33%) showed that the similarity of the species composition in the two habitats was low. More individual ants were found on the organic farm than the intensive farm [287 (79.94%) vs. 72 (20.05%) individuals]. The diversity of the ants was affected by the density of weeds with organic farming. Hypoponera sp. had the highest Indicator Value (50.7), followed by Aphaenogaster sp. (28.9), Diacamma sp. (28.2), and Odontoponera sp. (27.6), however only Odontoponera sp can be used as bioindicator. Although the ant diversity was higher with organic farming than with intensive farming, there was no correlation with soil conditions. As a bioindicator, the Indicator Value reflects agroecosystem health better than does ant diversity

The amount of transmitted data through the internet become larger and larger every day. The need of an encryption algorithm that guarantee transmitting data speedily and in a secure manner become a must. The aim of the proposed system is to build an encryption system that can encrypt and decrypt data efficiently and effectively protect the transmitted data. This research paper presents a system for encrypting transmitted cloud data. This system uses the following encryption algorithms RSA, Triple Des, RES, RC4, and Krishna to generate a new encryption system that encrypt and decrypt transmitted data. The system will help cloud agencies and users to secure their transmitted data and prevent it from being stolen.