Bridges of all types are an essential part of infrastructure systems; they play an important role in the economic and social aspects and are of a great importance when an earthquake occurs, since they provide emergency response and rescue operations. Therefore, bridges vulnerability assessment has been a major focus in earthquake research. \nThe present paper consists of a comparison study between two different popular types of bridges in Algeria that are the Multi-Span Simply Supported (MSSS) and Multi-Span Continuous (MSC) reinforced concrete girder bridges. For this purpose, three-dimensional nonlinear finite elements models were performed and seismic fragility curves of the later were developed using nonlinear time history analyses. \nThe comparison of the obtained results shows that the MSSS is more vulnerable than the MSC concrete girder bridge at all damage states where the fixed bearings present the most fragile components in both types of studied bridges. These results deal with the reality of such existing bridges behavior during past earthquakes, which means that the structure continuity increases the seismic resistance of a bridge and reduces seismic risk.

The industry of oil and gas (O&G) suffers from delay to get enough information about equipment in case of maintenance and delay in communication between stakeholders. With the highly increasing of the data of oil and gas (O&G) industry the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) become a must to be applied to sense and monitor every area of O&G operations. The proposed system aims to solve the problems that faces the oil and gas (O&G) industry by allowing stakeholders to get much information about the (O&G) operation. The system helps in preventing the loss of money from the lack of unavailable information. Also the system helps in improving and developing the operation of maintenance procedure to get a high quality of service.

Wireless Sensor Network assumes an imperative part to monitor and gather information from complex geological ranges. Energy conservation plays a fundamental role in WSNs since such sensor network is designed to be in non-accessible areas and has gained popularity since the last decade. The main issue of Wireless Sensor Network is energy consumption. Therefore, management of energy consumption of the sensor node is the main area of our research. Generally, Sensor nodes use non-changeable batteries for power supply and the lifetime of Sensor node greatly depends on these batteries. The replacement of these batteries is very difficult in many applications and an alternative solution to this problem is to use Energy Harvesting system in Wireless Sensor Network to provide a permanent power supply to sensor nodes. This process of extracting energies from the nature and converting it into electrical energy is called energy harvesting. Energy can be harvested from the environment for sensor nodes. There are many sources of energies in nature like solar, wind, thermal etc. which can be harvested and used for WSNs. In this research we suggest using energy harvesting system for Cluster Heads in a clustering based Wireless Sensor Networks. We will compare our proposed technique to a well-known clustering algorithm, Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy (LEACH).

This study gives complete convention to orderly production of computerized information on tyrosinase creating microorganisms secluded from soil. Three bacterial tyrosinase were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. The assembled 16S rRNA sequences were used to create digital data of given sequences. These include the Quick Response (QR) codes, Chaose Game Representation (CGR), Chaose Game Representation (FCGR) of Frequency and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The QR codes will be used to read sequence without internet connection. Presence of dots in CGR and color of FCGR block gives in-depth idea about the nucleotides and their pairing. PCA has given overview of their distribution which co-relates with results of phylogenetic tree. The visuals have given an extra information about tyrosinase producing bacteria. These generated visuals will be beneficial for assessment and comparison of bacteria.

Job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) is an NP-hard problem and one of the most intractable combinatorial optimization problems in the manufacturing industry. An optimal solution to JSSP optimizes machine utilization, reduces lead times, improves efficiency of manufacturing system and reduces costs. As the number of jobs & machines increase, the job shop scheduling problems approaches NP-hard difficulty. This paper proposes the job-shop environment in limited computational time by using soft computing technique. In order to efficiently solve the JSSP, a method that the hybrid algorithms i.e. Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO) and Fire Fly Optimization (FFO) is proposed to find a good enough schedule in a reasonable computation time. The proposed approach is applied to a JSSP comprising 5 jobs on 5 machines with random processing time. From the investigational results showed that the hybrid optimization achieves maximum accuracy and minimum completion time compared to individual algorithms. Test results demonstrate that the obtaining well enough schedules is successful in the aspects of solution quality and computational efficiency.

The effect of different levels of inulin (0, 1.5 and 3 %) and probiotic bacteria including Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei on chemical properties (pH and titratable acidity) and viable count of probiotic strain of sweet cream during 30 days at 15-day intervals at (4°C) were studied. All experiments were carried out in three replications. The results showed that during the refrigerator storage of samples, pH decreased and acidity increased significantly. Addition of inulin caused significant changes in pH, acidity and the viability of probiotic strains. By increasing the level of inulin to 3%, the pH of the cream samples decreased, and the acidity and counts of the probiotics increased significantly, which was more significant in Lactobacillus acidophilus, although the treatment containing Lactobacillus acidophilus had the highest acidity. The probiotic survival evaluation also indicated that inulin treatment at 3% level was the best treatment for increasing the viability of the probiotics in cream. The results showed that the addition of prebiotics, such as inulin, could play an important role in increasing the viability of probiotics. In general, changes in the chemical properties of sweet cream during the refrigerator storage were standard, which could be considered as a synbiotic product and sweet Cream as a dairy product can also be considered as a good carrier for probiotic bacteria. .

Pollution by heavy metals due to anthropogenic, industrial and automobile activities is a regional and global problem. This paper gives information about the seed germination and seedling growth performance of mung bean (Vigna radiata) in response to treatment of copper and chromium (0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) in single and combined treatments as compared to control. Seed germination of V. radiata showed that increased in concentration of both metal treatments from 25 to 100 ppm reduced germination percentage which was more prominent as compared to control treatment.\nSeedling growth variables i.e. root and shoot length, seedling size, root/shoot ratio and seedling dry weights were also declined with the increase in concentration of copper and chromium in the substrate as compared to control treatment. Seedlings growth of V. radiata gradually reduced with increased in concentrations of Cr as compared to control. The inhibitory effects of combined metals treatments (Cu+Cr) showed high percentage of decreased in seedling growth variable as compared to control. The order of effects of metal treatment at 25-100 ppm concentrations as compared to control was found in the order as Cu>Cr>Cu+Cr. The combined metal treatments of Cu+Cr were found more toxic as compared to individual treatment of Cu and Cr and control.\nTolerance indices and seedling vigor index of V. radiata for individuals and combined metal treatment decreased with the increase in concentration of metal treatment from 25 to 100 ppm for Cu and Cr singly and in combination (Cu+Cr) as compared to control. The highest percentage of decrease in seedling tolerance and seedling vigor indices in seedlings of V. radiata was recorded at 100 ppm when treated with combined metal treatment of copper and chromium. A seedling vigor and tolerance index at 25 ppm was better for single treatment of Cu and Cr treatments as compared to combined treatment of Cu+Cr.